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THE GUARDIAN
CONSCIENCE, NURTURED BY TRUTH
LAGOS, NIGERIA.     Saturday, June 26 2004
 

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'There Is Hope For The Niger Delta'

By Nduka Nwosu

It is not clear why Steve Azaiki (44), a once WAEC division one product from Bishop Dimieri Grammar School Yenegoa Bayelsa State, chose the former Soviet Union for his University education. His good grades gave him the option to pursue his academic work in any of the Ivy League institutions in the USA or Britain's elite universities such as Oxford and Cambridge but Azaiki chose to become what G.G. Darah called a student of the pro-Gorbachev Soviet Union. Was he in search of some radical indoctrination that would help liberate the Niger Delta region from the misery inflicted on it through resource exploitation

  • Or was he simply fascinated by the forces of conflict sweeping through Commuist states between the late 1980s and the 1990s and wondered how he would bring about such a revolutionary change in the Niger Delta
  • Whatever the reasons, Azaiki returned to the country with a doctorate degree in agriculture and after a spell at the National Directorate of Employment became the first Commissioner for Agriculture and now Secretary to the State Government (SSG) of Bayelsa State. In that capacity he has influenced policy in the present administration of the state.

    Just recently Azaiki's new book Inequities In Nigerian Politics was used as a testing ground for a man his governor describes in superlative terms- a visionary who believes in tapping the humble potentials within him to advance the greater interest of the larger society.

    President Obasanjo's key note speech at the launch did not fail to point out how his administration has helped to fight the cause of the Niger Delta through the On shore/Off shore dichotomy, attracting interventionist agencies to the region and generally promoting growth through the establishment of the NDDC. Expectedly, he did not hesitate to lecture his audience on why dialogue is superior to violence in a democratic set up such as Nigeria with emphasis on the Delta region. Chairman Ernest Shonekan described the book as good intellectual work while book reviewer G.G. Darah believed that "Azaiki's pacific suggestions for tackling the crisis of inequities in Nigeria influenced the government to negotiate its way out of this obvious political suicide."

    With this, followed other eulogies from the Vice President and the Senate President who sent in a representative each, and the Speaker who made himself available. The question is why the scramble by the policy makers to identify with Azaiki and his book

  • Is the country now ready to carry out an act of restitution for the atrocities committed against the author's kit and kin
  • Or is this the usual response by the elite to a stimulating work of intellect that may soon fizzle out having flipped through the nearly 180 page document to find the reasons behind the inequities in Nigerian politics
  • Either way, Azaiki succeeded in selling himself to high profile policy makers through his persuasive dialogue option, which provided the basis for the interview below.

    On Bayelsa students in Russia agitating for increased scholarship grants.

    You know students generally no matter their degree of their welfare always end up complaining. Our students in Russia must be content with what the administration has provided for them because this is far in excess of what the average Russian student gets. Their package exceeds the basic salary of a Russian University teacher and back home it is more than the basic salary of a Nigerian graduate.

    We are giving them $200 allowance a month. Beside that government is paying for their tuition fees, fees in health insurance and accommodation in addition to $800 clothing allowance. They got all this money before leaving and on arrival all of these came to $1000 in their preparatory year for language course. So their complaints are baseless.

    160 of these students are preparing for specialised courses in Engineering, Agriculture. Coming from an oil based economy in the Niger Delta, the ideal is to tie these courses to career prospects in the oil industry especially now that prospecting is becoming more offshore friendly. Offshore technology would be making demands in such areas as corrosion engineering, pipeline corrosion, underwater welding, deep-sea solution and related courses. These courses have become the imperative for the crop of Niger Delta students aspiring to take advantage of the manpower base of the oil industry in deep offshore technology. This mind set should also apply to the country generally. Our venturing into these educational projects is our response to the claims by the oil industry, which often claims there are no qualified Bayelsans to work in the top management cadre of the industry. And apart from Russia, we have sent our students to other parts of the world, for example Germany, and Britain under the HIPACT programme.

    On whether these other students are also pressurising the state government with a shopping list of demands

  • No. The fact is that our students in Russia were over-pampered. The fact is that we don't want these students to acquire a standard that will make it difficult for them to come home and with the financial provisions on the ground based on recommendations from the Nigerian Embassy they should be comfortable. This attitude also applies to all our 280 students on overseas scholarship. Back home, there is a good bursary arrangement inclusive of special scholarship grant that takes care of our students in the local institutions.

    Why Russia

  • Yes, I studied in the former Soviet Union. While there, I developed contacts and privileges, which have been of immense benefit in this programme. I am also very much aware of the fact that the average Russian lecturer is dedicated to his student's programme. The Russian environment is free from such local banes as incessant strikes and cultism that often disrupt the academic calendar and make graduation year unpredictable.

    On what the Bayelsa State government under Governor Alamieyesiegha hopes to accomplish before 2007.

    We know that in 2007 the state University established by the governor would have graduated its first intake and this is a major achievement for us. About this time, most of our students on overseas scholarships would have graduated and come back home. I am certain that by the time the government is ready to leave office, the number of all our educated men and women would have gone up by an appreciable percentage that is above average compared to what the situation was before we set out and of course our given target.

    Youth restiveness in the Niger Delta, its causes and solution.

    There are three major areas that help to reduce youth restiveness. These are education, skill acquisition and employment. Before now the civil service strength was below 4800 but now it has gone up to 23,000. This is a major cushion to youth restiveness in the state.

    The other has to do with the upgrading of the education sector. First was the establishment of the College of Arts and Science which tries to absorb those crop of students who could not secure university admission because of their inability to have the required minimum qualification requirement. We also established the Niger Delta University, a school of Nursing and College of Health Sciences.

    The governor's leadership qualities have also gone a long way to quell youth restiveness. Youth restiveness is a phenomenon that has been discovered to be genuine. You may quarrel with the method of expressing this form of disenchantment but it is the result of long periods of neglect. Perceived injustice to the people of the Niger Delta. They genuinely and rightly feel that revenue sourced from their soil is being used to develop elsewhere in the federation while the Niger Delta - the goose that lays the golden egg is being neglected with or without physical or human development being felt in the zone.

    D o not forget that most of the youths who ordinarily knew little of the life style of the affluent society, youths who were content with their local life style went to Abuja during General Abacha's three million man march. Most of them returned to experience a backlash effect. In Bayelsa State the effect was the Kaiama Declaration. After seeing Abuja in its entire splendor, the youths returned home to fight for the development of their land and to secure resource control.

    Do not forget that before the precipitate actions of late Ken Saro-Wiwa, oil companies had it completely their own way. The picture of total damage and cruelty initiated on a people is evident in Oloibiri Bayelsa State, where the first oil well of quantitative commercial output was discovered in 1956 and where oil, a wasting asset is now exhausted. The town remains in darkness and its environment is permanently injured. The youths are therefore of the simple opinion that money derived from the area should be used to develop it now.

    Nigeria as a nation must consider youth restiveness as a phenomenon with serious implications for national security and development. The logical starting point is to understand the causes of the restiveness.

    At the state government level, the above action plans were mapped out to help curb restiveness. Following this explosion in restiveness after the Abuja stampede, the government set up a skills acquisition centre to prepare the youths for a handwork, some of the very difficult ones about 63 of them were sent to the International Institute in Craft Training in Cameroon. When they returned cooperative centres were established for them with some money in their kitty. This went a long way in helping to sort out the restiveness.

    Contemplating a repeat of the Warri crisis situation in Bayelsa State

    We have moved away from that. We no longer have the problem of incessant restiveness now. One reason is that the state government has shown it has the will to move development to the people, and speak on their behalf. So people no longer feel it is necessary to take the law into their own hands. Again the response of the Federal Government to the people of Bayelsa State is changing on a positive note. Recently when the president visited the state, the governor made a case for the construction of roads, the establishment of a federal secretariat and the need to curb the incidence of fuel scarcity in the state. Immediately, the president directed the opening of a mega-station in Yenagoa and called for a tender for the construction of the roads in the state. So with this type of response, most people no longer feel that confrontation is the best weapon to fight with. They would rather embrace dialogue.

    Secondly, we have been talking to the oil companies to change their tactics, not to adopt their usual divide and rule approach, which tends to create unnecessary tension in the whole region. They have been urged to give the government a properly constituted authority. They should also pay a lot of attention to community development by honouring their memoranda of understanding (MOUs) with the people we will be able to move forward.

    On the response of the oil companies to community needs and the MOUs

  • The oil companies operate like a mini- government. One would not say that they are responding the only thing one could say is that many of these problems exist because there is poor co-ordination between the oil companies and the government. The oil companies prefer dealing with individuals and communities and when they run into a problem they want government to be involved. This should not be so. Government should be involved in all its undertakings with the communities from MOUs to development projects. Oil companies should also stop the practice of paying youths for no work done. This helps to create monsters. Overall I think the oil companies are beginning to listen and with this new development we will get somewhere.

    The performance of the NDDC and its policy framework in the development of the Niger Delta region

  • I had imagined the Niger Delta Development Commission (NDDC) was set up as an interventionist agency to look at certain areas of development. I expect the NDDC to be involved in a major project such as the dualisation of the Yenagoa/Port Harcourt road and the Niger Delta rail line. I would think this is the type of project an interventionist agency should be seen to be executing. However I understand that it has a major problem of funding; of course if you don't have serious funding it would be difficult to embark on such huge projects.

    Resource control and mismanagement of revenue allocated to state governments by the governors

  • If I may quote the president, he said, you can control your resources but I will manage them for you. I have always said that resource control is not about keeping the proceeds of your resources to yourself. Resource control should be approached from the understanding that every part of this country can be resourceful.

    Take agriculture as an example. Nobody is talking about agriculture and its great potential in revenue generation, yet for a long time in the history of this country agriculture was our mainstay and a major revenue earner. Now nobody wants to do anything except to be involved in one oil business or the other. If everybody is involved in oil of his own resources, we will have a big and productive country. But this is not happening. Look at an oil producing country such as the United States of America, which produces oil and keeps it as a reserve. This is a sharp contrast to our situation here where oil is produced and sold out to the world. This can not be resource control. There is need to be concerned about the environmental hazard oil prospecting brings in its wake. Its hazardous nature on the people of the region means government must design policies to check the excesses. If this is not done and the health of the people is exposed to danger, a time comes when the consequences become catastrophic. So we are saying an equal amount commensurate to what is taken away must be provided.

    Yes, some governors could be engaging in the squandering of oil revenue but this is not enough reason or basis for the exploitation and injustice perpetrated against the people. The governors are elected into office for a limited period and of course the people can always decide their fate. If one governor is bad another good governor can be voted into office. Those in charge should know that the absence of war does not necessarily mean there is peace and the only way you can have peace is to practice justice and fair play because you cannot push a group of people too far. It must get to a point when they are bound to resist the oppression.

    Does he think considerable progress is being made in the Niger Delta right now

  • No, no. The Niger Delta has not really made any significant progress since the agitation for change became orchestrated. The only thing I can say is that in the people's minds hope has been sown. And when there is hope there is a will. The hope that maybe something will be done keeps the Niger Delta vision alive.

    Could the hope be consummated through a Sovereign National Conference (SNC)

  • I have also looked at this issue of an SNC. I would say that what we need is the political will of the leaders especially in the context of the Niger Delta. I remember the way Abuja was built. I was in Abuja in 1986. Today the authors of Abuja as a modern capital city will be happy because their dream has been achieved to a very large extent, through the political will of the Federal Government. The same political will can be put in place in the Niger Delta and say in the next five years the Niger Delta dream would have been given a meaningful mileage. Remember the Niger Delta has been around in the past 45 years or more. Abuja was only a dream in 1976. Now just two or three structures in Abuja can turn Yenegoa to a modern state capital. Aso Rock, the National Assembly Complex and the NNPC complex, in terms of cost of infrastructure can change Yenegoa to a great capital. So I am not really too bothered about an SNC. A friend said if you want to kill an idea set up a committee. Let the Federal Government commit the construction of ten major roads in the Niger Delta in the next budget. The other time the government made a budget of N300 million for the building of a secretariat in Yenagoa but when Julius Berger presented its estimate, the sand filling alone was placed at N1.5 billion. SNC, yes, but this should not prevent us from looking at the obvious problem of bringing development to the Niger Delta.

    His impression of Governor Alamieyesiegha and achievements in office

  • I am not trying to flatter anybody. I want to say that the governor of Bayelsa State is well focused on various issues affecting the governance of the state. He has taken the issue of education as a key plank of the administration. Health care is also a major project on ground. We are building what will end up as one of the biggest hospitals in the country - a 500-bed hospital. The construction of roads is also being vigorously executed. If the current tempo is sustained up to 2007, he will turn out to be the best governor who worked hard on infrastructure development.

    On why the country depends heavily on the importation of food items when the once export oriented sector of the economy has been totally abandoned

  • This country's emphasis on agriculture is theoretical, not the more practical button up approach. The United Nations has also condemned this. Agriculture has components that should be treated on their merits. We should not treat the subject as just one homogeneous matter. An example will suffice. A Chinese team has been in the country for some time now studying the many micro-projects littered all over the place. They needed basic equipment, which included motor bikes.

    They arrived Bayelsa State to discover the bikes were only useful in Yenegoa. Now getting to Brass, Kulaima, Oporoma and the other satellite islands, has become a problem that has grounded an FG project that did not involve the state government right from on set. That is the scenario all over the place - lack of co-ordination between the federal government policies on agriculture and the states on what constitutes their actual and peculiar problems. A state that has potential growth for a specific crop for example should be encouraged to grow the crop and not to decide that a state should be used to grow cassava, which is not likely to do well on its soil.

    Must it always be the Federal Government

  • Government has to produce the basic infrastructure and inputs that will help the growth of an agro-based economy. Big time farming in Bayelsa State requires road construction, barges, and farm buggies to facilitate movement in the swamps for example. These equipment are very expensive.

    Still on the Federal Government response to the Niger Delta issue

  • I think for once the country is listening to the Niger Delta and its problems. This spirit of dialogue must continue. An example is my book launch. The book itself was used to express the anger, the deprivation, the rape and exploitation of the region, naturally indicting the conspiracy between the Federal Government and the other federating units to slow down development in the Niger Delta region. In spite of that the whole country turned out to launch the book. I was surprised. The President wrote to congratulate me and wrote the keynote address.

    He agreed that the issues were topical. Ernest Shonekan former head of state was the chairman. The Vice President and the Senate President sent in their representatives and the Speaker of the House of Representatives was there. That showed we were beginning to listen to each other. We must continue to encourage this.

    His dream and projection for Bayelsa State

  • We are laying a foundation that will make Bayelsa State one of the most developed, one of the most peaceful and attractive states in the country. It will certainly be a home for all Nigerians. The current response of fellow Nigerians to the problems of Bayelsa State is noteworthy, commendable and an indicator to peaceful co-existence;. With our great, unlimited resources to oil and gas, we will be as great if not greater than Tennessee, Texas, Siberia and many other areas that have excelled in the production of these resources.

� 2003 - 2004 @ Guardian Newspapers Limited (All Rights Reserved).
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